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第34章 附图(2)

This is one of the"Four Diagrams by Fu Xi",passed down by Shao Yong.At the beginning of Zhou Yi Ben Yi(True Ideas of Zhou Yi)it states,"The term of Four Diagrams by Fu Xi was first used by Shao Yong,who got it from Ting Zhi,and the latter from Bo Chang,who got it from Chen Tuan.This is called"prior learning".The Book continues with,"This order set,and further doubled with the result in the way of:Qian-one,Dui-two,Li-three,Zhen-four,Xun-five,Kan-six,Gen-seven,Kun-eight.It was the natural order in which Fu Xi drew the eight trigrams,which was beyond human intelligence to arrange them.And this is what every learner of Yi should know."

八、伏羲八卦方位图(小圆图)

伏羲四图之一,又称“乾南坤北图”。《说卦》:“天地定位,山泽通气,雷风相薄,水火不相射。八卦相错,数往者顺,知来者逆”。尚秉和:“先天方位,乾南坤北,离东坎西,一阴一阳,相偶相对,乃天地自然之法象”。此图渊源甚古,盖出于道家《天地自然之图》。体现宇宙自然变化规律及时空统一模式。

VIII.Diagram of Trigrams Bearings by Fu Xi(Small Circular Diagram)

This,being one of the four diagrams by Fu Xi,is also known as"Diagram of Qian South and Kun North".Shuo Gua(Discussion of the Eight Trigrams)reads,"(The symbols of)heaven and earth received their determinate positions;(those for)mountains and collections of water linked up by air;(those for)thunder and wind excited each other the more;and(those for)water and fire did each other no harm.(Then)among these eight symbols there was a mutual communication.The numbering of the past is a natural process;the knowledge of the coming is anticipation."Shang Binghe said,"Bearings of early eight trigrams are as follows:Qian in the south,Kun north,Li east,Kan west,one for Yin,the other for Yang,in pairs and counterparts.This is exactly what the natural heaven and earth are."This diagram dates back to the remote past as derived from Taoist Tiandi Ziran Tu(Diagram of Natural Heaven and Earth).It shows the natural law of cosmic changes and indicates the unification pattern of time and space.

九、伏羲六十四卦次序图(大横图)

《周易本义》卷首云:“此图太极、两仪、八卦,逐爻渐生,即邵子所谓八分为十六,十六分为三十二,三十二分为六十四”。邵子云:“太极之分解,尤干之有枝,枝之有叶。愈大则愈少,愈细则愈繁,合之斯为一,衍之斯为万”。朱子称赞此图坚持“一分为二”原则,显示万物发展皆从一到多,由简单到繁杂,不断分解的辩证过程。

IX.Diagram of 64 Hexagrams in Sequence by Fu Xi(Large Horizontal Diagram)

At the beginning of Zhou Yi Ben Yi,it reads,"In this diagram,the Grand Terminus,the two Forms and the eight trigrams are increased Yao(linear sign)by Yao gradually.This is what Shao Zi called Eight divides into sixteen,sixteen into thirty-two,thirty-two into sixth-four."

Shao said,"The division of the Grand Terminus is like that of a tree trunk into branches,and branches into leaves,the larger are the fewer,and the slenderer the more.Joining together,they become one;deriving,they become myriad."Zhou Zi praised this diagram for abiding by the principle of"One divided into two",showing the dialectical process that everything develops incessantly from one to many and from simple to complex.

十、伏羲六十四卦方位图(大圆图)

将64卦分八宫,每宫八卦,其内卦相同,各宫外卦亦合先天八卦次序。左半圈为阳,从复到乾,右半圈为阴,从姤到坤。乾姤之间,一阴始生,为月窟;坤复之间,一阳始生,为天根。莱布尼茨惊乎其二进制原理与此图“完全一致”。以0代阴爻,1代阳爻,可译出此图中64卦,从0至63的序数。

X.Diagram of 64 Hexagrams Bearings by Fu Xi(large Circular Diagram)

The 64 hexagrams are arranged in 8 Gong"s(chambers).In each Gong,the inner hexagrams are the same,and the outer ones are in the same order as those in Early Eight Trigrams.The left semi-circle is Yin,ranging from Gou to Kun.One Yin(Yao)first appears between Qian and Gou,and this is the moon cave;and between Kun and Fu,one Yang(Yao)first appears,and this is the heaven root.Leibniz exclaimed in surprise that his binary system was in"absolute conformity"with this diagram.Substitute 0 for Yin Yao and 1 for Yang Yao and you can decode the sequence of the 64 hexagrams in this diagram.

十一、伏羲六十四卦方图

此图由里到外分四层,巽、震、恒、为第一层,“雷风相薄”;坎、离、未济、既济为四隅者,为第二层,“水火不相射”;艮、兑、咸、损为四隅者,为第三层,“山泽通气”;乾、坤、为四隅者,为 第四层,“天地定位”。斜角线呈先天八卦次序。显示64卦各有定位,定位之中,又各有对待;表明64卦空间结构由32对立卦组构成。

XI.SQUARE DIAGRAM OF 64 HEXAGRAMS By Fu Xi

From inside out,this diagram consists of four tiers:Xun,Zhen,Heng,Yi are in the first tier,"Thunder and wind excited each other the more";Kan,Li Weiji,Jiji are in the four corners of the second tier,"Water and fire did each other no harm,"Gen,Dui,Xian,Sun are in the four corners of the third tier,"Mountain and collections of water are linked up by air,";Qian,Kun,Pi,Tai are in the four corners of the fourth tier,"Heaven and earth received their determinate positions".The sequence of the hexagrams in the line of an oblique angle is that of the Early Eight Trigrams,showing that 64 hexagrams have their respective determinate positions as each has it"s counterpart,which indicates that the space structure of 64 hexagrams is composed of 32 pairs of counterpart hexagrams.

十二、伏羲六十四卦方圆合一图

此图创自邵雍。圆图象天,方图象地,天圆而地方。天地相涵,化生万物。圆图代表天体运行周期,即一年360天,主运行;方图代表东西南北四方,即九州之数,主定位。二图合一,显示天文 地理之统一。象征“天地姻媪,万物化醇”的整体结构。

XII.Diagram of 64 Hexagrams in Square and Circle by Fu Xi

This diagram was first created by Shao Yong.The circular diagram symbolizes heaven while the square,earth,as heaven being circular and earth square.With heaven and earth containing each other,all things were derived.The circular diagram,which represents the movement cycle of the heavenly body,i.e.360 days,means movement.The square diagram,which represents the four directions of east,west,south and north,i.e.the number of Jiuzhou(a poetic name for China),means determinate positions.The combination of the two diagrams shows the unification of astronomy and geography,symbolizing the over-all structure of"heaven and earth in density and thickness,all things deriving unmixed.

十三、文王八卦次序图

即《后天八卦次序图》。《说卦》:“乾天也,故称乎父;坤地也,故称乎母。”震、坎、艮为三男;巽、离、兑为三女;三男皆阳卦,三女皆阴卦。三阳卦共有三阳爻、六阴爻,故“阳卦多阴”;三阴卦共有三阴爻、六阳爻,故“阴卦多阳”。三男三女,对待和谐,启示阴阳刚柔的对立统一而化生万物。

XIII.Diagram of Eight Trigrams In Sequence by King Wen

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