离婚是指夫妻双方通过协议或诉讼的方式解除婚姻关系，终止夫妻间权利和义务的法律行为。按照我国《婚姻法》的规定，如感情确已破裂，调解无效，应准予离婚。 夫妻“感情确已破裂”是判决离婚的法定条件。判断夫妻感情是否确已破裂，应当从婚姻基础、婚后感情、离婚原因、夫妻关系的现状和有无和好的可能等方面综合分析。
Realize Divorce and Reasons
婚姻终止的概念及离婚类别
1婚姻终止的概念和原因
Divorce （or the dissolution of marriage） is the final termination of a marital union， canceling the legal duties and responsibilities of marriage and dissolving the bonds of matrimony between the parties。 In most countries divorce requires the sanction of a court or other authority in a legal process。 The legal process for divorce may also involve issues of spousal support， child custody， child support， distribution of property and division of debt。
In most Western countries， a divorce does not declare a marriage null and void， as in an annulment， but it does cancel the married status of the parties。 Where monogamy is law， this allows each former partner to marry another。 Where polygyny is legal， divorce allows the woman to marry another。 Divorce laws vary considerably around the world。 Divorce is not permitted in some countries， such as in Malta and in the Philippines， though an annulment is permitted。 A referendum will be held in Malta 28th May 2011 to determine if the public wishes to make divorce legal。 From 1971 to 1996， four European countries legalized divorce： Spain， Italy， Portugal and the Republic of Ireland。
An annual study in the UK by management consultants Grant Thornton， estimates the main proximal causes of divorce based on surveys of matrimonial lawyers。
The main causes in 2004 were：
Adultery； Extramarital sex； Infidelity—27％Domestic violence—17％
Midlife crisis—13％
Addictions， e。g。 alcoholism and gambling—6％Workaholism—6％
2离婚分类的表达方式
（1）No－fault divorce无过错离婚
Under a no－fault divorce system， divorce requires no allegation or proof of fault of either party。 The barest of assertions suffice。
（2）At－fault divorce有过错离婚
Prior to the late 1960s， nearly all countries which permitted divorce also required proof by one party that the other party had committed an act incompatible to the marriage。 Most jurisdictions around the world still require such proof of fault。
（3）Mediated divorce调解离婚
Divorce mediation is an alternative to traditional divorce litigation。
（4）Collaborative divorce合作离婚
Collaborative divorce is a method for divorcing couples to come to agreement on divorce issues。 In a collaborative divorce， the parties negotiate an agreed resolution with the assistance of attorneys who are trained in the collaborative divorce process and in mediation， and often with the assistance of a neutral financial specialist and／or divorce coach（es）。
（5）Uncontested divorce协议离婚
It is estimated that upwards of 95％ of divorces in the U。S。 are “uncontested”， because the two parties are able to come to an agreement （either with or without lawyers／mediators／collaborative counsel） about the property， children， and support issues。 It is estimated that upwards of 95％ of divorces in the U。S。 are “uncontested”， because the two parties are able to come to an agreement （either with or without lawyers／mediators／collaborative counsel） about the property， children， and support issues。
绝大多数离婚者离婚后，心情总是很沮丧，情绪低沉、伤感，这无关性别，他们表现出愤恨、不满、自卑、看破红尘等各种各样的消极心理。同时，面对周围人的非议和白眼，他们会感到孤独、无奈和愤愤不平。 对于心思细密、敏感多虑的女性来说，这种挫败感给心理健康造成的伤害更甚。这时候的心理调试非常重要，常有的调试方法有：移情方法，改变环境，感情支撑和心理咨询。
Key words ＆ Sentences
关键词句全知道
According to a new study， divorce is catching。
一项最新研究显示，离婚会传染。
The researchers have called it “divorce clustering” and say that a split up between immediate friends increases your own chances of getting divorced by 75％。
研究人员把这种传染性称为“离婚群聚效应”，他们指出，亲近的朋友离婚会使你的离婚几率增加75％。
The effect drops to 33％ if the divorce is between friends of a friend， what the researchers call two degrees of separation， and then disappears almost completely at three degrees of separation。
如果有朋友的朋友（也就是研究人员所说的二级维度关系人群）离婚，那么你离婚的几率就会降到33％，而三级维度关系人群离婚对你的婚姻基本不会产生影响。
It is not only the marital status of friends but also siblings and colleagues which has a significant effect on how long your own marriage might last。
除了朋友外，家中手足以及单位同事的婚姻状况也会对我们的婚姻关系产生重大影响。
Breaking up will catch on among your friends， and the more divorces you know， the higher your own chances of becoming one。
分手的情绪会在朋友之间传播，你认识的离婚人士越多，你自己离婚的几率也就越高。
Divorce， inheritance and business nous has helped a growing number of women to become millionaires， who have increased at five times the rate of wealthy men。
离婚、遗产继承和商业头脑使得越来越多的女性成为百万富翁，其增长速度为有钱男性的五倍。
Wealth used to be a man’s world， but the gap between the sexes is narrowing when it comes to money， a new report shows。
财富曾被认为是男性的“专利”，但据一项最新报告显示，如今男女财富的差距越来越小。
Female millionaires has been rising on the back of social trends—such as inheritance and the rapidly climbing divorce rate—and they now make up nearly half of all millionaires in the UK。
随着遗产继承、不断攀升的离婚率等各种社会潮流的出现，英国女百万富翁的数量持续上升，占英国百万富翁总数近一半。
According to the Time of September 19， WedLock， as it’s coyly named， is a new type of casualty insurance that gives the unhappily married policyholder a payout after he or she is unhitched。
据《时代杂志》9月19日报道，婚姻离婚保险“婚姻保护锁”是一种给婚姻不幸福的投保人离婚后赔偿的新型意外保险。
The global trend toward higher divorce rates has created more households with fewer people， scientists at Michigan State University reported in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences。
密歇根州立大学的科学家们在《国家科学院院刊》上发表研究报告称，全球离婚率日益上升导致家庭数量增多，家庭成员减少。
Italy is holding its first divorce fair， offering services such as life coaching and beauty advice to a booming number of separating couples in the Catholic country。
意大利即将举办该国的首届离婚博览会，旨在为这个天主教国家不断增长的离婚人群提供生活指导和美容建议等服务。
Even in regions with declining population， we see substantial increase in the number of households。 Divorce is the main reason for reducing the number of people in a household。
即使在人口负增长地区，家庭数量的增长也相当可观。离婚是造成家庭成员减少的主要原因。
Researchers found that marriage breakdown can take a significant toll on appearance。
研究人员发现，婚姻破裂会对人的外貌造成很大影响。
They looked at identical twins， who would be genetically predisposed to age at a similar pace， to determine whether certain experiences affected ageing。
