登陆注册
12108000000043

第43章 (22)

Now will I tell thee somewhat of the duties of judges. Know, O King, that no judgment serves the cause of justice except it be given after deliberation, and it behoves the judge to treat all people alike, to the intent that the rich and noble may not be encouraged to oppression nor the poor and weak despair of justice. He should extract proof from him who complains and impose an oath upon him who denies; and compromise is lawful between Muslims, except it be a compromise sanctioning an unlawful or forbidding a lawful thing. If he have done aught during the day, of which he is doubtful, the judge should reconsider it and apply his discernment to elucidating it, that (if he have erred) he may revert to the right, for to do justice is a religious obligation and to return to that which is right is better than perseverance in error. Then he should study the precedents and the law of the case and do equal justice between the suitors, fixing his eye upon the truth and committing his affair to God, to whom belong might and majesty. Let him require proof of the complainant, and if he adduce it, let him put the defendant to his oath; for this is the ordinance of God. He should receive the testimony of competent Muslim witnesses, one against another, for God the Most High hath commanded judges to judge by externals, He Himself taking charge of the secret things. It behoves the judge also to avoid giving judgment,whilst suffering from stress of pain or hunger, and that in his decisions between the folk he seek to please God, for he whose intent is pure and who is at peace with his conscience, God shall guarantee him against what is between him and the people. Quoth Ez Zuhri,[FN#68] "There are three things, which if they be found in a Cadi, he should be deposed; namely, if he honour the base,love praise and fear dismissal." It is related that Omar ben Abdulaziz once deposed a Cadi, who asked him why he had done so.

"It has come to my knowledge," replied Omar, "that thy speech is greater than thy condition." It is said also that Iskender[FN#69]

said to his Cadi, "I have invested thee with this function and committed to thee in it my soul and my honour and manhood; so do thou guard it with thy soul and thine understanding." To his cook he said, "Thou art the governor of my body; so look thou tender it." To his secretary he said, "Thou art the controller of my wit: so do thou watch over me in what thou writest for me.""

With this the first damsel retired and a second one came forward and kissing the earth seven times before the King thy father,spoke as follows: "The sage Lucman[FN#70] said to his son, "There are three men whom thou shalt not know, but in three several cases; thou shalt not know the merciful man but in time of anger,nor the brave man but in time of war nor thy friend but when thou hast need of him." It is said that the oppressor shall repent,though the people praise him, and that the oppressed is safe,though the people blame him. Quoth God the Most High, "[FN#71]

Think not that those who rejoice in their deeds and love to be praised for that which they have not done, shall escape punishment; indeed there is reserved for them a grievous punishment." Quoth Mohammed (on whom be peace and salvation),"Works are according to intentions, and to each man is attributed that which he intends." He saith also, "There is a part of the human body, which being whole, all the rest is whole, and which being corrupt, the whole body is corrupt; it is the heart. And indeed the heart is the most marvellous part of man, since it is that which ordereth his whole affair; if covetise stir in it,desire destroys him, and if affliction master it, anguish slays him: if anger rage in it, danger is sore upon him, and if it be blest with contentment, he is safe from discontent; if fear overtake it, he is filled with mourning, and if calamity smite it, affliction betideth him. If a man gain wealth, his heart is peradventure diverted thereby from the remembrance of his Lord,and if poverty afflict him, his heart is distracted by care, or if disquietude waste his heart, weakness reduces him to impotence. So, in any case, there is nothing will profit him but that he be mindful of God and occupy himself with gaining his living and securing his place in Paradise." It was asked of a certain wise man, "Who is the most ill-conditioned of men?" "He,"

replied the sage, "whose lusts master his manhood and whose mind exceeds in the pursuit of objects of high emprise, so that his knowledge increases and his excuse diminishes; and how excellent is what the poet says:

The freest of all men from need of the arrogant meddler am I, The fool who"s unguided of God and judges the folk all awry;

For wealth and good gifts are a loan and each man at last shall be clad As it were in a mantle, with that which hid in his bosom doth lie.

If thou enter on aught by a door that is other than right, thou wilt err; But the right door will dead thee aright, for sure, if thou enter there by."

As for anecdotes of devotees (continued the maiden), quoth Hisham ben Besher, "I said to Omar ben Ubeid, "What is true devoutness?"

and he answered, "The Prophet (whom God bless and preserve) hath expounded it, when he says, "The devout is he who takes thought to death and calamity and prefers that which is eternal to that which passes away, who counts not the morrow as of his days, but reckons himself among the dead.""" And it is related that Abou Dherr[FN#72] used to say, "Poverty is dearer to me than riches and sickness than health." Quoth one of the listeners, "May God have mercy on Abou Dherr! For my part, I say, "He who puts his trust in the goodness of the election of God the Most High should be content with that condition of which the Almighty hath made choice for him."" Quoth one of the Companions (of the Prophet),"Ibn Ali Aqfa[FN#73] prayed with us the morning-prayer one day.

同类推荐
  • 大侦探的失误

    大侦探的失误

    在这本故事集中,充分展示了於全军“想象力超凡”的本领。既有以古喻今,通过古代皇妃遇害案来讽刺现代假货横行的《皇室美人蛇变案》,也有审视千古文人和命运抗争的《悲欢十美图》;既有激励年轻人,弘扬正气的《直起你的腰来》,也有关注世界环保这样大题材的《拯救安第斯》……作者笔下的悬念故事,不但在技巧上环环相扣,悬念迭出,更是揭示了现实存在于人内心的真实情状。
  • 于公案奇闻

    于公案奇闻

    叙述清官于成龙锄强扶弱的故事。包括了近三十个公案故事。它内容上,上承明代公案小说的余绪,形式上,下启短篇成长篇的趋势,是明清公案小说转变期中一部重要小说。
  • 痒

    《痒》为青年作家郑小驴的中短篇小说集。这些小说贴近现实,以触摸大地的姿态,书写普通人在新世纪的现实与精神面前的双重焦虑,以及个体命运的遭遇与变迁,再现了一代人的心灵轨迹与成长之旅,表达了年轻一代对人生的质疑,对世界的诘问,对人性的思考与观照。
  • 哈代爱情小说

    哈代爱情小说

    啊,是你在我坟上刨坑么,是我的情郎?难道他在种植悔恨?不,昨天他已经再续新欢,新娘从小生长在富家豪门。他说:‘如今不会叫她伤感了,尽管我不再对她忠贞。那么是谁在我坟上刨坑?是我最亲的亲人么?啊,不。他们****沉思着:这有何用?栽上鲜花又有哪点好处?任何守墓人都无能为力,把她的英魂从死神的陷阱中放出。’但是,的确有人在我坟上刨坑,是我的敌人么?是她在偷偷地刺我?“不,当她得知您早已步入那扇终将封闭一切肉体的大门,在她看来,您葬身何地真用不着多虑,因为,您再也不值得她去仇恨。
  • 就这么嫁给了他:时代专集爱情小说精选

    就这么嫁给了他:时代专集爱情小说精选

    一幅当代中国人的爱情画卷!由以振兴当代中国纯文学为己任的时代专集网所收录、编辑,爱情小说精选(就这么嫁给了他)立意浪漫,富有诗意,文风淳厚,文笔流畅饱满,情感细腻隽永,定能使你遐想回味,感慨唏嘘。
热门推荐
  • 我的娇美老板娘

    我的娇美老板娘

    (最火新书)胸大腰细玉腿长,娇美还是老板娘;玄门传人吴庸奉命下山,从此展开一段热血征程;撩校花,泡美人,风流一世!医难病,治绝症,名扬四海!
  • EXO之梦之旅

    EXO之梦之旅

    喜欢EXO的可以来看看,给点建议。吴可馨是著名歌手,吴亦凡的妹妹,人气并不输EXO,接受S.M公司的邀请成为旗下艺人并破例加入EXO。鹿晗:“你把我的心偷走了,要对我负责。”吴世勋:“无论如何我都在你身边,永远爱你。”边伯贤:“不管你选谁我都爱你。”朴灿烈:“你的快乐就是我的笑,我永远是你的开心果。”张艺兴:“你是童话你的Angel我的天使。
  • 秋水溟

    秋水溟

    自盘古开天辟地以来,天地分为神、仙、人、鬼、妖、魔、灵七界,时光荏苒,诸神衰落,最后一个神族在天劫时陨落,神族已不复存在,世间九宫山灵气汇聚,仙人多在此居住,且世间万物均可修行,而其心不正者堕入魔道。魔族包藏祸心,七大煞器横空出世,引世间无尽怨念,仙魔大战拉开了帷幕,天魔及天魔妃被封印。九百年后,少年无意闯入封印之地,天魔妃苏醒,自此,天下巨变,千年前的旧事引出重重谜团。
  • 混在美国当大师

    混在美国当大师

    遭遇到了师叔的背叛,破产了、背负着沉重的债务。刚刚下山的小道士见识到了人心险恶,也因祸得福得到了师门的传承。混在美国当大师,惬意悠闲的生活,轻轻松松的赚钱。做个大师也不错,名流富豪的座上宾,哪怕是一身的债务,还是可以享受着美好的生活。
  • 逆血弑神

    逆血弑神

    正邪无常,神难无垢。本因死去的人因何执念徘徊世间,本该平凡的生命因死亡获得神职。逆血弑神造化万千,执掌天地传播信仰立不朽神位。
  • 血罗万界

    血罗万界

    一个身具修罗血脉的凡人武者,机缘巧合之下进入了修仙界,从此血罗万界!
  • 都市之神裔时代

    都市之神裔时代

    三百年前天地大变,无数神原血符从天而降,得到血符的人继承了太古神灵的血脉而成为神裔,三百年后的今天,一块板砖砸中十个人有九个是神裔,而方白却恰恰是最后一个。
  • 桃花恋曲

    桃花恋曲

    童玲是在顶替别人做车模时遇到的肖夏,自此,便与他纠缠在了一起。童玲从没想过要嫁一个豪门总裁,她认为豪门总裁没好人,可偏偏鬼使神差地成了肖夏的妻子。肖夏对童玲说他们永远是隐婚,因为她不配做他的妻子,他的妻子一定是另外一个女人。虽然两人都想摆脱对方,但却总是越来越近。不知不觉中肖夏发现了童玲原来有许多秘密,而自己一向吊儿郎当的弟弟高寒也默默地对童玲十分关注,究竟童玲的背后隐藏着些什么,究竟是什么冥冥之中指引着这一切!
  • 《极品狂妃惹邪王》

    《极品狂妃惹邪王》

    初次相见她清冷的身影挑起了他的兴趣他不屑道:“女人,我接受你的挑战!”下次相见却是在皇家花会上她大放异彩初露锋芒迎来美男们竞相追逐他一把把美人拥在怀中挑衅般的扬眉邪魅的说:“她是我的女人。”众人皆叹:“还是邪王爷有眼光。”仰天大笑出门去从此无不知此人!
  • 遇见更好的我们

    遇见更好的我们

    青梅竹马,欢喜冤家,从小就赢在了虐狗的起跑线上