1940年，他来到苏联为大型纪录片《延安与八路军》进行配乐。临行前，毛泽东在家中请他吃饭并饯行。次年，苏德战争爆发，该片制作停顿。他想经新疆回国，却因当地军阀盛世才反共、交通中断而未成，被迫羁留于哈萨克的阿拉木图。在那里，他相继完成了《民族解放交响乐》、《神圣之战》和管弦乐组曲《满江红》等作品。
He developed pulmonary tuberculosis due to overwork and malnutrition. After the war， Xinghai went back to Moscow for medical treatment but could not be completely cured and died of pulmonary disease on October 30， 1945in a hospital nearby the Moscow Kremlin at the age of 40.
由于劳累和营养不良，他的肺结核日益严重。战后，冼星海返回莫斯科接受治疗，但为时已晚。1945年10月30日，因肺结核逝于莫斯科的克里姆林宫医院，年仅40岁。
Xian Xinghai composed over 300 works and published 35 papers. His influence in Chinese music won him the title People’s Composer.
冼星海共创作了300多部作品，发表了35篇论文。他对中国音乐有很大的影响，因此获得了“人民音乐家”的称号。
Memorials
In memory of Xian Xinghai， both the Xinghai Conservatory of Music and the Xinghai Concert Hall in Guangzhou were named after him.To commemorate the 100th anniversary of his birth， a 3-meter high statue of Xian Xinghai was erected at the intersection of Avenida Xian Xing Hai and Rua de Berlim streets in Macau.
为了纪念冼星海，星海音乐学院和星海音乐厅都以他命名。为纪念冼星海诞辰一百周年，人们在澳门冼星海大马路与柏林街的交叉口竖起一座三米高的冼星海雕像。
Vocabulary 轻松学单词
composer [kmpz] n. 作曲家；作家，著作者；设计者
The famous composer autographed copies of his music.
著名作曲家在他的乐谱上亲笔签名。
influence [nflns] n. 影响；势力；感化；有影响的人或事
vt. 影响；改变
He denies exerting any political influence over them.
他否认曾向他们施加过政治影响。
musician [mjuz()n] n. 音乐家
He was a brilliant musician.
他曾是一位出色的音乐家。
symphony [smf()n] n. 交响乐；谐声，和声
He helped to accouche choral symphony.
他曾帮助创作合唱交响曲。
concerto [kntt] n. 协奏曲
But these are riffs rather than an entire concerto.
但这仅仅是一些片段而不是整部协奏曲。
choral [kr()l] adj. 合唱的；合唱队的n. 赞美诗；唱诗班
The choral society sang the new cantata composed by its leader.
该合唱队演唱了他们领队编写的大合唱。
cantata [kntɑt] n. 大合唱；（意）清唱剧；康塔塔（一种声乐套曲）
The music of the song has been rearranged for the cantata.
这支歌已改编成大合唱。
principal [prnsp()l] adj. 主要的；资本的n. 首长；校长；资本；当事人
Today the principal tools for prospecting the brain are electricty.
当今探查人脑的主要工具是电。
clarinet [klrnet] n. 单簧管；竖笛，黑管
The sound of a clarinet floated gently into our ears.
竖笛的声音轻悠悠地飘进我们的耳朵里。
conservatory [knsvt()r] n. 温室；音乐学校adj. 有保存力的；保存性的
He learned bel canto in a conservatory.
他在音乐学院学习的是美声唱法。
minor [man] adj. 未成年的；次要的；较小的；小调的；二流的n. 未成年人； [音] 小调；副修科目
He played the key of C minor beautifully.
他优美地演奏了C小调。
score [sk(r)] vt. 得分；获胜；刻划；划线；批评；给……谱曲n. 得分；刻痕；二十；乐谱
He learned how to score a musical composition.
他学会了怎样谱曲。
malnutrition [mlnjtr()n] n. 营养失调，营养不良
The children’s stomachs were distended by malnutrition.
孩子们的胃因营养不良而肿胀了。
pulmonary [plmn()r] adj. 肺的；有肺的；肺状的
All parts are used medicinally for infantile paralysis and pulmonary tuberculosis.
所有部分可药用于婴儿麻痹和结核病。
tuberculosis [tjbkjlss] n. 肺结核；结核病
Tuberculosis can be reactivated by overwork.
肺结核病可由于过度劳累而复发。
Dialogue 对话
Carol：
What are you doing， Peter
Peter：
I’m reading a book on Xian Xinghai.
Carol：
Really I know he is a famous musician in China and he created many renowned songs.
Peter：
Exactly. I admire him very much and he is such a talented musician.
Carol：
I heard his Yellow River Cantata and the Production Cantata which are very impressive.
Peter：
I agree with you. Whenever I hear the songs， I will be full of beans.
Carol：
Next month there will be a commemoration for Xian Xinghai and we can take part in it.
Peter：
Good idea. Thank you.
卡罗：
你在干吗呢，皮特？
皮特：
我在读一本关于冼星海的书。
卡罗：
真的吗？我知道他是中国的一位很有名的作曲家，创作了很多知名曲子。
皮特：
对！我非常崇拜他，他是如此有才华的一位作曲家。
卡罗：
我听过他的《黄河大合唱》和 《生产大合唱》，非常震撼人心。
皮特：
你说的太对了！不管什么时候我听到他的曲子，我就浑身充满力量。
卡罗：下个月有一个纪念冼星海的活动，我们可以一起参加。
皮特：
好主意，谢谢你！
背景知识 Background Information
艰苦的求学生活 tough academic life
1929年去巴黎勤工俭学，他靠在餐馆跑堂、在理发店做杂役等维持生活，在塞纳河畔梧桐树下几次晕倒，险些被法国警察送进陈尸所。1934年，冼星海考入巴黎音乐学院高级作曲班，学习作曲兼学指挥。他是该班几十年来的第一个中国考生，由于衣着不够华丽，险些被法国门警阻拦而不得入考场。考试后，主考老师杜卡斯代表全体评委宣布：“我们决定给你荣誉奖，按照学院的传统规定，你可以自己提出物质方面的要求。”冼星海只说了“饭票”两个字，就再也说不出话来了。
吴大猷
Wu Tayou
Wu Tayou (27 September 1907 - 4 March 2000) was a Chinese-born atomic and nuclear theoretical physicist. He has been called the “Father of Chinese Physics”.
吴大猷（1907年9月27—2000年3月4日）是中国原子和原子核物理学家，被称为“中国物理学之父”。
Wu was born into a family of scholars in Panyu， Guangzhou. In 1929 he took his undergraduate degree at Nankai University in Tianjin. Later， he moved to the United States for graduate schooling and took a Doctor of Philosophy Degree from the University of Michigan in 1933. In 1934， Dr. Wu returned to China， and between 1934 and 1949 he taught at various institutions there， including Peking University in Beijing and National Southwestern Associated University in Kunming. In 1938 in Kunming， during the most difficult war time， he managed to write the first book on molecular spectroscopy， Vibrational Spectra and Structure of Polyatomic Molecules. In 1949， the year of the defeat of the Communists over the Nationalists in the Chinese Civil War， Wu went to Canada. There he headed the Theoretical Physics Division of the National Research Council until 1963. In the late 1960s， he was chair of the department of Physics and Astronomy at the University at Buffalo. In 1962， Dr. Wu was appointed Director of the Institute of Physics of Academia Sinica in Taiwan.
吴大猷出生于广州番禺县的一个书香门第，1929年他从天津南开大学毕业，并取得学士学位。之后，他赴美国留学，于1933年获得密歇根大学的哲学博士学位。1934年，吴大猷回到中国，从1934年一直到1949年，在各个大学任教，其中包括北京的北京大学和昆明的西南联大。1938年在昆明期间，也是最困难的战争时期，他写成了关于分子光谱，振动光谱以及多原子分子结构的第一本书。
1949年，中国共产党在内战中打败国民党，吴大猷来到加拿大。在那里，他领导加拿大国家研究委员会的理论物理部一直到1963年。20世纪60年代末，他成为布法罗大学物理学和天文学系的主席。
1962年，吴大猷博士被任命为台湾中央研究院物理研究所的所长。
Wu’s Ph.D. dissertation dealt with theoretical predictions of the chemical properties of the yet undiscovered transuranic elements of the actinide series， which include such well known elements as plutonium and americium. Later， he worked on solid-state physics， molecular physics， statistical physics and other areas of theoretical physics.
