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第5章 贸易流程Trade Procedures

Vocabulary 必用词汇

1. requirementn. 要求

We can make leather shoes accord ing to your requirements.

我们可以按你们的要求生产皮鞋。

同义词:demand

2. design设计

We can make Christmas gifts ac cording to the buyer's design and measurement.

我们按买方指定的款式和大小生产圣诞节礼物。

同义词:depict

3. recommend 推荐

Can you recommend your latest models to me?

能把你们最新的型号推荐给我吗?

近义词:introduce

4. enquire 了解

MrSmith came to enquire about our supply position.

史密斯先生来询问我们的供货情况。

同义短语:refer to

5. quotation报价

We'd like to have your lowest quotation, FOB Shanghai.

我们要求你们报上海FOB 最低价。

同义词:offer

6. confirmationn.

确认

The price for this product is subjectto our final confirmation.

产品的价格以我方最终确认为准。

同义词:acceptance

7. interest兴趣

Our clients from Japan expressed great interest in our products.

我们从日本来的客户对我们的产品表示极大的兴趣。

同义词:concern

8. catalog目录

We appreciate your interest. There are some catalogs I'd like you to lookat.

你们对产品有兴趣我们非常高兴,我有一些目录想请你看一下。

同义词:file

9. superioradj. 优越

In terms of quality, our product is superior to others.

就质量而言,我们的产品比其他产品更优良。

同义词:advantageous

10. maximize把……到最大限度

The most important reason is that we want to maximize profit.

最重要的因是我们想取得最大的利润。

同义词:aggrandize

1general inquiry 一般询盘;

2specific inquiry 具体询盘;

3to make an inquiry for sth.对某物询价;

4to inquiry for sth. 对某物询价;

5to inquiry about sth. 询问某事;

6port of delivery 交货港;

7time of delivery 交货期;

8prompt delivery 即期交货;

9inquiry sheet 询价单;

10price list 价目表;

11initial inquiry 首次询盘;

12occasional inquiry 偶尔询盘;

13payment terms 付款方式;

14sales conditions 销售条件;

15to keep inquiry in mind记住询盘;

16marked price 标价;

17cost price 成本价;

18market price 市场价;

19find a ready market 畅销;

20an initial order 初次订单;

Conversations 实用对话

Mr. Hu: We are interested in some precision machine tools. We have some inquireson hand.

Mr. Band: That's fine. We can supply all kinds of precision machine tools. Ourproducts are much admired in the world market and enjoy a wide acceptanceinmodern industry.

Mr. Hu: Can I have a look at your catalogue and the corresponding technicaldata?

Mr. Band: Why, of course. Here are some that will show you our latest development.

You may select whichever you need.

Mr. Hu: I think our users have the impression that your prices are always muchtoo high, compared with those of other suppliers.

Mr. Band: Excuse me. It's true that our products do cost slightly more than theother makers, but it's only due to our technological superiority.

胡先生:我们对一些精密机床很感兴趣,我们手头有些询价。

班德先生:太好了!我们能供应各种精密机床,我们的产品在世界市场上是很受欢迎的,在现代工业中也被广泛应用。

胡先生:我能看一看你们的样本目录和有关的技术资料吗?

班德先生:当然可以。这是一些我们最新技术发展情况的资料,从中可选择您需要的产品资料。

胡先生:我想我们的用户认为你们的价格与其他供应商所出价格相比,太高了。

班德先生:请谅,我们的产品是由于具有高技术性能而比其他厂家的产品贵一点。

Mr. Paula: Would you give me an offer for ItemNo. 45?

Mr. Wu: Here it is. But the price is subject to your confirmation before Friday.

Mr. Paula: May I have your offer of Model 2F507?

Mr. Wu: Here you are. But the offer is subject to immediate acceptance.

Mr. Paula: How long will you keep your offer valid?

Mr. Wu: It's good for twenty-four hours only.

Mr. Paula: Does the price include any commission for us?

Mr. Wu: It includes a commission of five percent for you.

Mr. Paula: Will you quote us the price CIF three percent New York?

Mr. Wu: Here it is. I'msure you'll find our price worth accepting.

波拉先生:45号商品您能给我报价吗?

吴先生:这是报价。但这价格是以你方星期五前确认为准。

波拉先生:可以给我2F507 型号商品的报价吗?

吴先生:给您这个商品报价。但这个价格要立即接受才有效。

波拉先生:报价的有效期多长?

吴先生:有效期只有24 小时。

波拉先生:这价格包括我们的佣金了吗?

吴先生:这价格包括你方5%的佣金。

波拉先生:请给我们报包括3%的佣金,纽约交货的到岸价,好吗?

吴先生:这是报价。我相信您会认为我方的价格值得接受。

一般询盘

1. Will you please send us your catalogue together with a detailedoffer? 请寄样品目录和详细报价。

2. We would appreciate your sending us the latest sampleswith their best prices. 请把贵公司的最新样品及最优惠的价格寄给我们,不胜感激。

3. Prices quoted should include insurance and freight to Vancouver.

所报价格需包括到温哥华的保险和运费。

4. Will you please inform us of the prices at which you cansupply? 请告知我们贵方能供货的价格,好吗?

5. Mr. Baker is sent to Beijing to make an inquiry at ChinaNational Textiles Corporation. 贝克先生来北京向中国纺织公司进行询价。

6. We regret that the goods you inquire about are notavailable. 很遗憾,你们所询的货物现在无货。

具体询盘

1. If your prices are reasonable, we may place a large orderwith you. 若贵方价格合理,我们可能向你们大量订货。

2. Now that we have already made an inquiry on your articles,will you please make an offer before the end of this month?既然我们已经对你们的产品进行了询价,请在月底前报价。

3. Please quote your lowest price CIF Seattle for each of thefollowing items, including our 3% commission. 请就下列每项货物报出西雅图到岸价的最低价,包括3%的代理费。

4. Would you please quote me your prices for the goods?您能报给我这些商品的价格吗?

5. Heavy enquiries witness the quality of our products.大量询盘证明我们产品质量过硬。

6. Enquiries are so large that we can only allot you 200 cases.询盘如此之多,我们只能分给你们200箱货。

在国际贸易中,交易谈判通常是从海外买方向卖方发出询盘,了解销售条件开始的。询盘可用信件、电报、电传或传真,甚至电话和面谈来进行。有时,卖方也可以主动(initiate)向国外买方发出询盘来表达他想销售某种商品的意愿。要注意的是,无论是哪一方发出询盘都没有一定要向对方购买或销售商品的义务,同时,他们可以根本不作回复。但是,按照商业惯例,收到询盘的一方应该立即用常用的报价、报盘或递盘形式作出回复。

一份询盘不仅可以发向一个客户,还可以同时发向几个客户。这样,发出询盘的一方就可以把收到的回复中所述的销售条件作一比较(make a comparison),以决定对他最为有利的(most advantageous)

报价。然后,他就选择报价或报盘最为优惠的一方来进行交易。

根据内容和目的,有一般询盘(a general enquiry)和具体询盘(aspecific enquiry)之分。如果进口商只是想了解出口商所能提供的产品或商品的大概情况,他就可以请求出口商寄给他商品目录、价格单和样品。这就是一般询盘。如果进口商打算购买某种商品或产品的话,他可要求出口商为该产品或商品报盘或报价。这种询盘就叫具体询盘。

Vocabulary 必用词汇

1. quote 给……报价

Please quote us your price on CIF London basis for these articles.

请对这些商品向我方报伦敦到岸价。

同义短语:make offers

2. final 最终的

All offers should subject to our finalconfirmation.

所有报盘均以我方最后确认为准。

同义词:ultima

3. turnover总销量

Sales in this quarter accounts for 2/3of the total turnover this year.

本季度的销售量占了全年总销量的2/3。

同义短语:volume of business

4. safety安全

For first trade, we only accept payment by L/C for the sake of safety.

为了安全起见,对于初次交易我们一般只接受信用证付款。

反义词:danger

5. itemn. 商品

This item is up to your standard.

这一商品符合你们的标准。

同义词:commodity

6. favorably受欢迎地

This item has been received favorably in many parts of the world.

这一商品在世界许多地方深受欢迎。

同义词:popular

7. demandn. 需求

Our products have met with great favor overseas and are always in great demand.

我们的产品在国外很受欢迎,而且需求一直很大。

同义词:requirement

8. brochure小册子

Here're some brochures. You'll findall the information you need about the products.

这儿有产品说明书,你们需要知道的有关产品的情况上面都有。

同义词:booklet

9. modeln. 型号

Compared to the previous model,our new model is less expensive andeasier to use.

与旧型机比较我们的新型机价格不贵且更容易操作。

同义词:shape

10. schedule 安排

I'd like to schedule an appointmentwith you to talk about buying a new copier.

我想和您定个时间商谈买一台新的复印机。

同义词:plan

Phrases 常用短语

1offer letter 报价书;

2offer sheet 出售货物单;

3offer list 报价单;

4offering date 报价日;

5offering period 报价有效期限;

6preferential offer 优先报盘;

7to withdraw an offer 撤回报盘;

8to accept offer 接受报盘;

9to confirm offer 确认报盘;

10to decline offer 拒绝报盘;

11to entertain offer 考虑报盘;

12to extend offer 延长报盘;

13to withdraw offer 撤回报盘;

14combined offer 搭配报盘;

15to withhold offer 暂停报盘;

16lump offer 综合报盘;

17offer subject to sample approval 以样品确定后生效为准的报盘;

18offer subject to our final confirmation 以我方最后确认为准的报盘;

19offer subject to goods being unsold以商品未售出为准的报盘;

20licensed dealer受让人,特许权获得者;

Conversations 实用对话

Mr. Taylor: We're very interested in your products. May I have a copy of yourprice sheet?

Mr. Wu: Sure. Here is a copy of our latest price lists.

Mr. Taylor: All your prices are on CIF basis, right?

Mr. Wu: Yes. Would you please tell me the product you will order?

Mr. Taylor: We will place an order on your cotton. I wonder if you can offer onFOB basis.

Mr. Wu: OK, we offer 700 dollars per metric ton.

Mr. Taylor: I think your offer is roughly 50 dollars above the current price in theworld market. Do you think it possible for you to reduce your price?

Mr. Wu: This offer is not final. This offer is subject to goods being unsold.

Mr. Taylor: Well, I need some time to think about it. I'll discuss this with you againin a few days.

泰勒先生:我们对你们的产品非常感兴趣。能给我一份你们的价格单吗?

吴先生:可以。这是我们的最新价目表。

泰勒先生:所有价格都是到岸价,对吗?

吴先生:是的。您能告诉我们要订购的产品吗?

泰勒先生:我们想订购棉花,您能考虑报离岸价吗?

吴先生:好的,我们报价每公吨700美元。

泰勒先生:我想您的发盘比国际市场的现价超出50 美元。您认为有降价的可能吗?

吴先生:应当说这个报盘不是最终的。我们的报价以未售货物为准。

泰勒先生:好吧,我需要点时间考虑。过几天我们再讨论。

Tony: What is your price per set for Electric Heaters?

Mr. Yang: Our price is $ 50 per set FOB Shanghai. We can supply fromstock.

Tony: It's a high price. I have another offer for a similar product at a much lowerprice.

Mr. Yang: I can assure you that our price is most realistic.

Tony: If you can go a little lower, I'd be able to give you an order right now. Yousee, I have a client who intends to buy 6, 000 sets. But the price he allowsme is only 40 dollars per set.

Mr. Yang: 40 dollars!This price is absolutely out of the question. You cannotget the goods anywhere at this price.

托尼:电热器每台多少钱?

杨先生:上海离岸价,每台50美元,我们有现货供应。

托尼:价格太高了。我得到类似产品的另一种报价,价格低得多。

杨先生:请放心我们报价是最实际的。

托尼:如果您能稍降点价,我马上就可以订货。您瞧,我手头有位客户打算买6000台,可他给我的价格是40 美元一台。

杨先生:40 美元一台?这个价格根本行不通。这个价,您在哪儿都买不到。

关于报盘

1. We'll have firm offer worked out by this evening and send itto you tomorrow morning. 我们今晚把实盘做出来,明天上午报给你们。

2. Is your offer a firm one or one subject to final confirmation?你报的是实盘还是最后确认为准?

3. The offer is made without engagement. All orders will besubject to our written acceptance. 此报盘还没有确定,所有订单以我方书面接受准。

4. You'll see that our prices are the most attractive.你会发现我方的价格是最有竞争力的。

5. I'm sure you'll find our price worth accepting.我相信你会认为我方的价格值得接受。

关于报盘的有效期

1. This offer is firm subject to your acceptance reaching usnot later than December 15.此报盘为实盘,但以我方在12 月15 日前收到贵方答复为准。

2. Could you renew your offer for 3 days further?能否将报盘延期3天?

3. We can't hold the offer longer than that. 报盘不能再延期了。

做出还盘

1. It will be rather difficult for us to push any sales if we buy itat this price.如果我们按这个价格购买,将很难推销。

在商业中,一方提出订约条件,愿与对方订立合同,称之为发盘。它是卖方或买方为订约出售或购买商品向对方提出的交易条件。发价在其有效期内,一经对方接受,合同即告成立。如果主要交易条件不具备,发价虽经买方接受也不能达成交易。报盘(offer),也叫报价,是卖方主动向买方提供商品信息,或者是对询盘的答复,是卖方根据买方的来信,向买方报盘,其内容可包括商品名称、规格、数量、包装条件、价格、付款方式和交货期限等。

报盘有两种:虚盘(non-firm offers), 即无约束力的报盘。一般情况下,多数报盘均为虚盘,虚盘不规定报盘的有效日期,并且附有保留条件,如:The offer is subject to our final confirmation /

prior sale. 该报盘以我方最后确认为准/ 是否事先售出为准。实盘(firmoffers) 则规定有效日期,而且报盘一旦被接受,报盘人就不能撤回。例如,How long will this offer be kept open? 其意思是你这报盘在多长时间内答复有效。

拒绝或接受还盘

1. If the difference is this big, I'm afraid we'll not be able tomake the deal.如果分歧这么大,恐怕我们做不成这笔交易。

2. To be frank with you, your counter-offer can not even coverour production cost.坦率地讲,贵方还价甚至不够我们的生产成本。

Vocabulary 必用词汇

1. indication提示

Would you please give us some in dication which range of our productsyou like most?

能提示下你最喜欢我们哪个系列的产品吗?

同义词:signal

2. wholesalen. 批发

There is a big gap between your retail price and wholesale price.

贵方零售价和批发价相差很大啊。

反义词:retail

3. persuade 说服

At last, we persuaded them to acceptour price.

最终我们说服了他们接受我们的价格。

同义词组:talk sb. over

4. reasonable 合理的

Our price is based on a reasonable profit.

我方的价格是在合理利润基础上制订的。

同义词:sound

5. dealn. 交易

We find it too hard to close the dealwith you on such terms.

我们认为按这样的条件很难和你们成交。

同义词:transaction

6. marketable 有销路的

Our products will be well marketablein your area.

我们的产品在你们那儿将会有很好的销路。

派生词:marketability

7. exquisite 精美的

Here is our latest model. I want you to takea close look at the exquisite design?

这是我们的最新款式。希望您仔细看看这精美的设计!

同义词:appealing

8. reliable 可靠的

The products processed by our company are characterized with reliable quality and stylish design.

我们公司加工的产品性能可靠,设计精美。

同义词:trustworthy

9.manufacturen.制造商

Our prices compare most favourably with quotations you can get from other manufactures.

我们的价格比其他制造商开价优惠得多。

10. discount折扣

Giving you an 10% discount would leave us no profit at all.

给你10%的折扣,我们将无利润可言了。

同义词:allowance

1cash discount 现金折扣;

2functional discount 功能折扣;

3quantity discount 数量折扣;

4seasonal discount 季节折扣;

5trade discount 商业折扣;

6make concession 让步;

7profit margin 利润幅度;

8come down 降价;

9maximumcommission最高佣金;

10high commission 高额佣金;

11rebate commission 退还款;

12fixed commission 固定佣金;

13exchange commission兑换佣金;

14clear up 澄清;

15come to terms 成交;

16commission rate 佣金率;

17mark up the price 加价;

18the prevailing market 现行市场;

19play in the same ball park合作共事;

20call the deal off 生意告吹;

Conversations 实用对话

Mr. Chen: How much would you like to order?

Mr. Gary: 100, 000 yards. You should give us a discount for such a large quantity.

Mr. Chen: A discount will be given for a big order, so we are willing to give youa 5%discount.

Mr. Gary: The Canadians will give us a 10% discount if such a big order isplaced with them. No doubt you know that an incentive discount encouragesthe buyers and helps expand the seller's business.

Mr. Chen: Of course, I know, but theirs is too high a rate. Frankly speaking, themaximum discount we can grant is 5%.

陈先生:您打算订多少?

加利先生:10万码。这么大的订货量,贵公司应该给我们点儿折扣了吧?

陈先生:订货量大,就会给折扣。给您5%的折扣吧。

加利先生:要是有这么大的订货量给加拿大人,他们会给我10%的折扣。您肯定知道折扣具有刺激性,可以鼓励买方,有助于扩大卖方的业务。

陈先生:这我当然知道,但是他们的折扣太高了。坦率说吧,我们至多给5%的折扣。

Mr. Park: Mr. Chen, now would you like to say something about commission?

Mr. Chen: Well, Mr. Park, you know, our prices are quoted on FOB net basis. Asa rule, we don't allow any commission.

Mr. Park: But, you know, we're commission agents. We do business on a commissionbasis. A commission transaction will surely help to push thesale of your products.

Mr. Chen: Well, Mr. Park, what do you think of this:you increase your order to$80, 000, and we grant you 2%commission?

Mr. Park: Mr. Chen, I very much appreciate your concession.

帕克先生:陈先生,接下来我想谈谈佣金问题。

陈先生:帕克先生,您知道,我们报的是离岸价净价,按惯例是不给佣金的。

帕克先生:但是,你知道对于我们佣金商以获得佣金来做生意。佣金贸易有助于你们产品的推销。

陈先生:好吧,帕克先生,您看这样如何:如果您的订货总额达到8万美元,我们可以考虑给予你们2%的佣金。

帕克先生:陈先生,我很感谢您的让步。

关于折扣

1. Isn't it possible to give us even a little more discount?是否有可能给我们稍多一点的折扣?

2. Would you give us a special discount?你们能给特殊折扣吗?

3. A discount on prices will make it easier for us to promotesales. 价格上打点折扣便于我们推销。

4. We won't consider any discount. 我们不考虑折扣。

5. The discount is given according to the quantity you order.折扣要按你方订货量决定。

6. We'll give you a discount on sales.我们会给你促销时的折扣。

7. The goods are sold at half of the price. 该商品已打了对折。

佣金

1. It will be easier for us to push the sale if you give us morecommission. 如果你们能多给一些佣金,就更便于我们推销。

2. We promise to give more commission if you order a biggerquantity.如果你们的订货量,我们可以付更多的佣金。

3. If you are prepared to increase the commission to 5%, wewill order extra 2 000 cases.如果你们能将佣金提高到5%,我们将再订购2 000套。

4. We can increase the commission by 2% if you place anorder for 20 000 dozen.要是你订购2万打,我们可以将佣金提高2%。

5. We have increased the commission to 5%in your favor.我们会按你们的意思将佣金提高到5%。

收取佣金

1. We usually get a 3 to 5 percent commission from Americansuppliers. It's the general practice.我们通常从美国供货商那儿取得3%到5%的佣金。这是惯例。

2. We usually get a 3 percent commission on the total value ofbusiness.我们通常收取成交总额的3%作为佣金。

折扣与佣金的区别

佣金一般是中间商因介绍交易或代买商品而获取的报酬。

作为中间商因其有一定的贸易渠道,所以通过其开展交易已是国际贸易中的一种普遍做法。

佣金一般来说分为:明佣和暗佣。明佣是指在合同中已明确规定的佣金。暗佣是指在合同中没有表明,而由双方另行约定。

佣金数额的计算一般按发票金额总值,即CIF 价格乘以佣金率而得。但金额较大的也有按FOB 净价计佣的。

折扣是指卖方按照商品的价给买方以一定比率的价格减让。折扣包括数量折扣、季节性折扣、特别折扣、额外折扣等。具体折扣数额或者比例的多少,应根据具体情况而定。当买卖双方确定了折扣比例后,可在买卖合同中明确地表示出来。

Vocabulary 必用词汇

1. quality质量

Our products are of high quality.That's why our price is a bit higher.

我们产品质量是很好的,所以价格稍高点。

同义词:nature

2. securevt. 确保

So long as you promise us the quality ofyour goods, we'll double our efforts tosecure more orders from our customers.

只要你们保证你方产品的质量,我方就会加倍努力确保从我方客户那里获得更多的订单。

同义短语:make sure

3. provided如果

There is always a ready market herefor men's shirts, provided they aregood in quality.

男式衬衫如果质量好,就会一直在此地畅销。

同义短语:on condition that

4. leewayn. 余地

When opening the L/C, please allow a leeway of 2% in quantity and amount.

开立信用证时,请允许在数量和金额上有2%的伸缩余地。

同义词:latitude

5. intention意图

We have much intention of enlargingthe turnover this year.

我们很想在今年贸易额。

同义词:purpose

6. quantity数量

We find that most of the goods are seriously damaged, not to speak of their qualityand quantity.

我方发现大部分货物严重受损,更不用说它们的质量和数量了。

同义词:amount

7. channel渠道

A better quality product can be obtained through another channel.

质量更好的产品可以通过另外一个渠道获得。

同义词:waterway

8. replyn. 回复

We hope that you will give us your reply at an early date.

我方希望贵方能早日答复我方。

同义短语:write back

9. alternativen. 选择

We have no alternative but give up our desire to buy fromyou.

我方只能放弃从你处购买商品的愿望。

同义词:choice

10. suitable 适合的We need large amount of goods

suitable for medium-priced level inour market. 我方需要大量适合我方市

场中等价格水平的商品。

同义词:proper

1standard type 标准;

2representative sample;

代表性样品;

3fair average quality大路货(良好平均品质);

4original sample 样;

5duplicate sample 副样;存样;

6counter sample 对等样品;

7reference sample 参考样品;

8sealed sample 密封样品;

9head office 总公司;

10branch office 分公司;

11business office 营业部;

12general affairs department总务部;

13sales promotion department促销部;

14import department 进口部;

15advertising department 广告部;

16secretarial pool 秘书室;

17export department 出口部;

18consumer durables耐用消费品;

19consumer trend 消费趋势;

20brand enhancing 品牌提升;

Conversations 实用对话

Mr. Lin: I can promise you that our product will be of the best quality.

Mr. Gary: I've looked at your units, and I am very happy with them. Your goodsare all far above standard quality.

Mr. Lin: We spent a lot of money to make sure that our products are of superiorquality. We don't sacrifice quality for quick profits.

Mr. Gary: Well, we're really interested in placing an order. We can start the negotiationsas soon as you want.

Mr. Lin: That's great. I'm glad we'll be able to do business together. I'll havesome quotes ready for you by tomorrow morning.

Mr. Gary: Fine. Also, would you mind if I ask to see a surveyor's report of yourproducts?I may have a few more questions about your quality analysis.

Mr. Lin: No problem.

林先生:我可以向您保证,我们的产品质量将是最好的。

加利先生:我看过你们的单件,我很满意。你们的所有商品质量都远远高过标准质量。

林先生:我们投放了大量的资金来确保我们的产品质量一流。我们不会为了短期利润而降低质量。

加利先生:是的,我方真的很愿意向你们订一批货。你们想什么时候开始谈判都可以。

林先生:那最好不过了。我很高兴我们能在一起做生意。明天早晨我方将为您准备好一些报价单。

加利先生:很好。还有,您不介意我要求看一下你方产品的检查报告吧?对你们的质量分析我可能会有一些问题。

林先生:没问题。

Mr. Tong: How much tea are you going to order?

Mr. Lakins: We want to order 5, 000 cases and hope to deliver the goods in twoequal lots.

Mr. Tong: When do you want the goods?

Mr. Lakins: We'd like you to execute the first delivery by July 30 and the seconddelivery by September 15.

Mr. Tong: I'm sorry, but July 30 is quite soon. I can't guarantee 2, 500 cases. I'dprefer the first shipment to be 1, 500 cases and the next 3, 500 cases.

Mr. Lakins: I can agree to that.

Mr. Tong: Let me affirm this again:the first shipment of 1, 500 cases, to be deliveredin 25 days by July 30, and the second shipment of 3, 500 casesby September 15, right?

Mr. Lakins: Yes. Well, if there's nothing else, I think we've settled everything.

童先生:你们想订购多少茶叶?

拉金斯先生:我们想订购5000箱,并且希望平均分成两批交货。

童先生:你们希望什么时候交货?

拉金斯先生:我们希望第一次交货在7月30 日前完成,第二次交货在9月15 日前完成。

童先生:很抱歉,7月30 日就快到了,我不能保证2500 箱。我希望第一次先交1500 箱,第二次再交3500箱。

拉金斯先生:我同意。

童先生:让我再确认一次:第一批1500 箱,25 天内,7月30 日前交货;第二批3500 箱9 月15日前交货。对吗?

拉金斯先生:对。好的,如果没有其他事情,我想我们就已经解决了所有的事情了。

描述质量上乘

1. Our products are well known for their fine quality.众所周知,我们的产品质量很好。

2. The material is absolutely of prime quality.这种材料质量绝对优等。

3. We can supply woolen sweater of first class/first gradequality. 我们可以提供头等质量的羊毛衫。

4. Our products are superior (good/excellent) in quality.我们的产品质量优等。

5. The goods have enjoyed world renown for their excellentquality. 这种货物质量上乘,世界驰名。

6. The quality of our products is much admired in Asian market.我们产品的质量在亚洲市场很受青睐。

7. The quality is appreciated by users abroad. 这种质量受到国外用户的赞赏。

8. The quality conforms in every respect to your requirements.这种质量在各方面都符合你们的要求。

抱怨质量低劣

1. The quality of the goods you sent us is far below the sampleagainst which we placed our order. 你们货物的质量远远低于我们订货时样品的质量。

2. The goods are inferior in quality to your samples.这批货物与你们的样品相比,质量低劣。

3. We are disappointed to find your goods so unsatisfactory.发现你们的货物如此不能令人满意,我们非常失望。

4. The goods didn't turn out to our expectation.这批货物不符合我们的期望。

5. The goods didn't come up to our standard.

这批货物不符合我们的质量标准。

商品是国际贸易的物质基础,而所有的商品都呈现出一定的品质。不明确规定商品的品质,交易就无法进行。所以,商品的品质不仅是国际货物销售合同的主要交易条件,而且还是买卖双方进行交易磋商时首先要取得一致意见的事项。

在出口贸易中,商品质量的优劣,不仅关系到商品的使用效能和销售价格,而且还关系到商品的销路(sale) 和声誉(reputation)。在激烈竞争的(intensifying competition)国际市场上,各国厂商都以努力提高产品的质量来促销产品。品质优异的产品总是销路良好(enjoy good market)。另一方面,进口商只购买那些他所感兴趣的具有某种品质的商品。买卖双方都非常关注商品的质量。

卖方必须按照合同规定的品质交货。如果货物不符合合同要求,买方将有权(be entitled to)提出索赔(lodge a claim)。因此,在签订合同时,必须明确地规定商品的品质。

任何一笔交易是由卖方提供的一定数量的货物和买方支付的一定数目的货款构成的。没有一定量的商品,交易就无法进行。

因此,商品的数量是交易中一个不可缺少的因素。有些国家的法律甚至规定,所交货物的数量应该和合同规定的数量保持一致。

卖方所交货物的数量如果小于合同规定的数量,买方有权予以拒收;卖方所交货物的数量如果大于合同规定的数量,买方除了可以拒收超额部分外,也可以全部拒收。根据《联合国国际货物销售合同公约》,如果卖方交付的货物数量大于合同规定的数量,买方可以收取也可以拒绝收取多交部分的货物。如果买方收取多交部分货物的全部或一部分,他必须按合同价格付款。

Vocabulary 必用词汇

1. orderv. 订购

We would order 4000 M/T ground nuts from you if your price is competitive.

如果贵方价格有竞争力,我们将向你订购4000公吨花生。

同义短语:send for

2. potential 潜在的

It is better to order products with alarge potential market than the bestselling.

订购有巨大市场潜力的商品比订购最畅销的商品更好。

同义词:promising

3. category类别

Do sweaters belong to the category of seasonal commodities?

运动衫是季节性商品吗?

同义词:sort

4. priority优先

There are many orders on hand, but we'll give priority to back orders.

我们手头上有许多订单,但我们将优先考虑过期订单。

同义词:seniority

5. forward 运输,发货

The shipping agent's responsibilityis to forward the goods of the clientin due course and in order.

货运代理的责任是为委托人及时而有序地发货。

同义词:dispatch

6. instead葬凿 代替

We can't supply Forever bicycle fromstock, but we can supply Phoenix instead.

永久牌自行车我们无存货可供,但可供凤凰牌。

固定搭配:instead of

7. consignmentn. 货物

We are about to order a consign ment of silk from China.

我们要从中国订一批丝绸。

同义词:cargo

8. engage 占有,忙于做某事

This factory is mainly engaged in producing chemical materials.

这家工厂主要从事化工料的生产。

同义短语:be busy doing sth.

9. acknowledge 承认

We sent you two samples by sepa rate post yesterday, please acknowledge receipt.

我们于昨天另寄去两个样品,收到请确认。

同义词:confess

10. duplicaten.

副本,复制Enclosed please find Sales Confirmation in duplicate.

随信附寄销售确认书一式两份,请查收。

同义词:copy

1sample order 订购样品;

2firm order 确定的订单;

3initial order 第一次订购;

4formal order 正式订单;

5limited order 有限订单;

6original order 始订单;

7open order 未结订单;

8split order 分批订单;

9export order 出口订单;

10order on hand 已收到订单;

11received order 收到订单;

12mail order 邮购;

13new order 新订单;

14verbal order 口头订单;

15cable order 电报订单;

16to place an order in blank寄空白订单;

17to close an order 决定成交;

18to cancel an order 取消订货;

19to confirm an order 确认订货;

20reception office 收发室;

Conversations 实用对话

Mr. Park: You have been trying to secure an order from us. Now we want toplace an order with you.

Mr. Hu: That's good to hear!We will be happy to accept your order, and will getto work on it right away.

Mr. Park: We will send you a purchase order in the very near future. We wantto ask you to hurry on the execution of the order.

Mr. Hu: I don't think that will be a problem, but I'll have to check and make sure.

I'll let you know when I confirm your purchase order.

Mr. Park: Thanks. If we are satisfied with the products, I think we will makemany more orders later.

Mr. Hu: Good. And maybe we can talk about some of our other products aswell. We've got a new keyboard that should hit the market very soon.

帕克先生:你们一直在争取我们的订单,现在我们就要向你们订货了。

胡先生:很高兴听到这个消息!我们很乐意接受您的订单,而且会立刻开始生产。

帕克先生:我们不久就会把订单寄去,同时也请贵公司加紧履行订单的工作。

胡先生:我想应该没问题,不过我还是得核查后确定。等确认购货的时间,我再一起答复您。

帕克先生:谢谢。如果产品令人满意的话,我们以后会下更多的订单。

胡先生:那太好了!也许我们可以谈一谈本公司的其他产品。我们有一项新型的键盘就快要上市了。

Mr. Lark: Now can we talk business over the coffee?

Mr. Li: Fine. We decide to place a trial order with you.

Mr. Lark: What are you interested in?

Mr. Li: We are interested in your digital cameras.

Mr. Lark: Can you let me have the quantities?

Mr. Li: Please send us 30 sets only so that we may tap the market.

Mr. Lark: When do you want to deliver the goods?

Mr. Li: We'd like to execute the delivery by June 15.

Mr. Lark: No problem. Thank you for initial order and I hope to have your furtherorders.

Mr. Li: We will, perhaps next month. If we find a good market for these cameras,

we will give you large orders at that moment.

拉克先生:我们现在一边喝咖啡,一边谈生意,好吗?

李先生:好的。我们决定向您发试购单。

拉克先生:您对什么产品感兴趣?

李先生:我们对贵方的数码相机很感兴趣。

拉克先生:您能告诉我你们订购的数量吗?

李先生:请发货30台,以便我方开发市场。

拉克先生:你们希望什么时候交货?

李先生:我们希望贵方在6 月15日之前交货。

拉克先生:没问题。感谢您向我们首次订购,希望您下次再订。

李先生:我们会的,或许下个月。如果我们为这批数码相机找到了旺销的市场,我们到时候还会大量订货的。

准备订货

1. We take pleasure in placing an order with you for the followingitems. 我们高兴地向你们订货如下商品。

2. We intend to book a trial order with you.我们想向你方试订一批货。

3. We'd like to place a small order for the new varieties.我们想少量订货些新产品。

4. Our order will be substantial. 我们的订货量相当大的。

5. What is the minimum quantity of an order for your goods?你们这种产品的起订量是多少?

6. We will submit further orders if this one is completed to oursatisfaction. 如果这次的订单完成情况令我们满意,我方将继续订购。接受订货

1. We are in a position to accept a special order.我们可以接受特殊订货。

2. Owing to many commitments, we are not in a position toaccept new orders. 由于大量承约,我们不能接受新订单。

3. We appreciate your cooperation and look forward to receivingyour further orders.谢谢你方合作,盼望收到你方更多订单。

4. It was a pleasure to receive your recent order.十分高兴接到你方的最新订单。

库存不足

1. Will you wait while I see if we have themin stock?

请稍等一下,我看看还有没有库存。

place an order 是订货,下订单的意思。“place”在此为“发出”

之意。“place an order”即买方向卖方订购货物的表示。若货物的价钱、品质条件已确定,买方仅须向卖方提出采购的数量与交货时间等项目即可。若基本条件尚未确定,则须请卖方发出售货报价(selling order)。为避免混淆不清,通常会以书信的方式确认订货。purchase order 是订单,订货单,又称“order sheet”、“ordernote”或“indent”, 为买方向卖方订货时所发出的书面通知。通常在买卖契约成立后,买方会将货物名称、品质、数量、价格、包装、交货及付款等交易的基本条件载明寄给卖方,作为买卖契约书。begin the execution of an order 开始履行订单“execution”(履行)。这个短语是指卖方在接到订单后着手进行交货的工作。若卖方本身为工厂则须先取得料,而后开始制造产品;若为贸易商,则须先与厂商联络货物的制造与交货等事宜。一般而言,“履行订货”即卖方在确认交易成立后,将订单上的条件付诸实践。

2. I'msorry, we've got no inventory on that at present.很抱歉,目前该产品没有库存。

3. I'msorry we've got no inventory on that at this time.很抱歉,目前该产品没有库存。

4. The supply of the goods at present is very tight.目前该货紧缺。

5. We shall be glad to let you know by telephone as soon as itarrives. 货一到我们就会电话通知你。

Vocabulary 必用词汇

1. invoicen. 发票

We'd like to cover WPA for 110% of the invoice value.

我们想按发票金额的110%投保水渍险。

同义短语:commercial voucher

2. limitvt. 限制,局限

We must limit our spending to what we can afford.

我们必须把花费限制在能够承担的范围以内。

同义词:restrict

3. premiumn. 保险费

The insurance premium will vary according to the type of goods and thecircumstances.

保险费根据货物的种类和具体情况的不同而有所不同。

固定搭配:at a premium

4. covervt. 投保……险别

We cover only WPA including warehouse-to -warehouse clause that is valid for 15 days. 我们只保水渍险,包括仓对仓条款,有效期为15天。

同义词:insure

5. insure 为……投保

We are desirous of insuring on a consignment of cotton products.

我们渴望为棉制品的托运投保。

同义词:cover

6. clausesn. 条款

The extent of insurance is stipulatedin the basic policy form and in thevarious risk clauses.

保险的范围在基本保险单和各种险别的条款中都有规定。

同义词:term

7. inspection检验Shall we go down to the point of inspection?

我们谈一下商品检验问题好吗?

同义词:examination

8. reinspection复检

What's the time limit for the reinspection?

复验的时限是什么时候?

同义词:re-examination

9. acceptableadj. 认可的The reinspection certificates shall beissued by an inspection organizationacceptable to the seller.

复验证书须由一家卖方认可的检验机构签发。

同义词:agreeable

10. conductvt. 进行(检验)

The inspection shall be conducted within one month after the arrival of the goods.

商检应在货到后一个月内进行。

同义短语:be in progress

1insurance free of (from) particular average (FPA)平安险;

2insurance with particular average (WPA) 水渍险;

3risk of breakage 破碎险;

4risk of clashing 碰损险;

5risk of rust 生锈险;

6risk of hook damage 钩损险;

7risk of contamination(tainting)污染险;

8insurance against total loss only (TLO) 全损险;

9risk of deterioration 变质险;

10risk of packing breakage包装破裂险;

11risk of inherent vice内在缺陷险;

12risk of normal loss (natural loss)途耗或自然损耗险;

13risk of spontaneous combustion 自然险;

14risk of contingent import duty进口关税险;

15insurance against war risk战争险;

16parcel post insurance邮包运输保险;

17Particular Average (PA)单独海损;

18General Average (GA)共同海损;

19partial loss 部分损失;

20total loss 全部损失;

Conversations 实用对话

Mr. Wang: I have a batch of glassware to be shipped to Canada. What risksshould be covered?

Clerk: We offer various insurances against all kinds of risks, such as FPA,

WPA, All Risks and Extraneous Risks. Here's a leaflet. You can gothrough it first and then make a decision.

Mr. Wang: Thank you. What risks does WPA cover?

Clerk: WPA is one of the most common and basic risks. It covers everything inFPA plus Particular Average. I suggest you arrange for WPA plus Riskof Breakage. They suit your consignment.

Mr. Wang: When will the insurance be in effect?

Clerk: We generally apply Warehouse-to-Warehouse clause. In other words,

the coverage is in effect when the cargo has left the consigner's warehouseand all the way through the transit to the consignee's warehouse.

王先生:我有一批玻璃器皿要运到加拿大。应该购买什么保险?

职员:我们提供各种涵盖不同风险的保险,比如平安险、水渍险、全险以及各种附加险。这里有一张宣传单。您可以先看一下再作决定。

王先生:谢谢。水渍险涉及什么范围?

职员:水渍险是最常见的基本险之一,包括平安险的责任范围外加单独海损。我建议您投保水渍险外加破碎险。这两个险种适合您的货物。

王先生:保险何时生效?

职员:我们通常采用“仓对仓”条款。换句话说,当货物离开发货人的仓库时,保险立即生效,直至运程全部完毕货物抵达收货人的仓库时为止。

Mr. Shute: Have you started cooling the chamber?

Mr. Li: Yes, I have. The temperature in the chamber is now -15℃.

Mr. Shute: According to the charter party, the temperature for this consignmentof frozen cargo should be -18℃.

Mr. Li: Yes, I know. Further cooling will be done after the inspection for cleanliness.

Mr. Shute: The cleanliness of the chamber is up to standard, but I think that somefixedwooden dunnage in each chamber needs to be repaired.

Mr. Li: Yes, I'll do it right away.

Mr. Shute: Where are the thermometers?

Mr. Li: We placed a thermometer in each of the four corners of each chamber.

Automatic temperature control gauges in the engine-room can take thereadings directly or remotely. The temperature of each chamber will berecorded automatically every five minutes.

舒特先生:货舱已经制冷了吗?

李先生:是的,已经制冷了,现在货物的温度是零下15℃。

舒特先生:根据租船合同,这批冷藏货物的温度应在零下18℃。

李先生:是的,我知道。在清洁检验后,会进一步进行冷却。

舒特先生:舱内清洁已合乎标准,但我认为每个货舱中的固定木质货垫还需修理。

李先生:行,我马上去修。

舒特先生:温度计在哪里?

李先生:我们在每个舱内的四个角落各放了一个温度计。温度可直接查看,也可通过发动机房的温度自动控制阀查看。每个货舱的温度每5 分钟自动记录一次。

关于保险事宜

1. What do your insurance clauses cover?你们的保险条款中有哪些险别?

2. How long is the period from the commencement to terminationof insurance? 保险的起止期限是多少?

3. What types of cover does your insurance company usuallyunderwrite? 你们的保险公司一般承保哪些险别?

4. Are there any other clauses in marine policies?海运险还包括其他条款吗?

5. Breakage is a Particular Average, isn't it?破碎险属于一种单独海损,对吗?

6. Our prices are calculated including insurance for any specialrisk. 我们的价格已把任何特殊险计算在内。

7. Not every breakage is a Particular Average.并不是所有的破碎险都属于单独海损。

8. A WPA policy covers you against partial loss in all cases.水渍险在任何情况下都保部分损失。

关于商检事宜

1. Shall we go down to the question of inspection?我们谈一下商品检验问题好吗?

2. How will the clause of inspection be stipulated in the contract?检验条款合同中应如何规定?

3. The reinspection certificates shall be issued by an inspectionorganization acceptable to the seller.复验证书须由一家卖方认可的检验机构签发。

商检,简单说来就是商品检验。一般用于进出口贸易。当然有时候内贸异地交易也有可能用到,不过少一点。由商检机构出单证明你的货物经检验品质和数量符合要求。买家凭借你出具的商检单可以了解到货物的品质是否与其需求的一致。有时会列为议付单据之一。根据申报商检的货物价值来收取费用。一般在货值的千分之二左右。定价依据是根据出口报关的发票上显示的货值。客户为保证自己收到的货和合同订立的一致,会要求你办理商检并出具商检单。格林先生首先用Shall we take up the questionof inspection today? 向江先生提出商品检验的问题,还可以用Shallwe go down to the question of inspection? 来建议。为防止货物到后质量不合格,或短货则可以用But in the case of disqualification orshort weight on arrival? 来提问。江先生提出How should we definethe inspection rights? 是对商检的权限做出疑问,同样可以用Howwill be clause of inspection be stipulated in the contract? (检验条款合同中应如何规定?)来表达。商检的一个重要环节是复查,买家在拟订合同前就应该问清楚是否有权利,Would you tell me whetherwe the buyers have the right to reinspect the goods when the goodsarrives? (请你告诉我,货物抵达后买方是否有权复查?)。

4. But what to do in case there is shortweight or disqualificationon arrival? 但如果货到后发现短货或质量不合格怎么办?

5. You can dispatch your representative to join the openpackageinspection, if you like.你方愿意的话也可派代表参加开箱检查。

6. Sampling shall make inspections. 检验应抽样进行。

7. A duplicate sample shall be sealed after inspection.检验之后需封存一份副样。

Vocabulary 必用词汇

1. withstand 承受

Are you sure the outer packing is strong enough to withstand rough handling?

你肯定外包装结实得能够承受野蛮装卸吗?

同义词:endure

2. reinforce 加固

We will reinforce the cartons with iron straps so that they would be safer.

我们会用铁条加固纸箱的,这样会更安全。

同义词:strengthen

3. transitn. 运输途中

No one knows what will happen in transit, so you'd better insure thegoods.

没人知道运输途中将会发生什么,所以你最好为货物投保。

4. originn. 点

Are we required to get the certificateof origin for those local specialities?

我们要出具这些土特产的产地证书吗?

同义短语:source area

5. tastev. 品位

We can design different types of packagesto suit different tastes of different customers.

我们可以设计各种不同风格的包装,以适合不同客户的品位。

同义词:savor

6. wrap 包,裹

The vases should be wrapped in paper.

花瓶应该用纸包好。

同义短语:muffle in

7. specificadj. 特殊的

Do you have some specific requirements for the packing?

贵方对包装有什么特殊要求吗?

同义词:special

8. shipment装运

I'm sorry to tell you that we are unable to give you a definite date ofshipment for the time being.

很抱歉,我们暂时无法告诉您确切的装船日期。

同义词:cargo

9. advancev. 提前

I'm sorry to say that we can't advance the time of delivery to June.

非常抱歉我们不能将交货期提前到6月份。

同义词:forward

10. urgent 迫切的

Our customers are in urgent need of fresh fruits and vegetables.

我们的客户急需新鲜水果和蔬菜。

同义词:impending

1keep dry 保持干燥,切勿受潮;

2additional marking 附加标志;

3distinction mark 识别标志;

4special tag 特殊标签,专用标签;

5with appropriate marking涂刷相应的标志;

6face plane side of a case箱子的正面;

7handle with care 小心轻放;

8point out the marking in a;

specification在说明书上指出标志;

9paper tag 纸标签;

10special marking专用(警告)标志,特殊标志;

11cardboard boxes 纸板箱;

12iron drum 铁桶;

13paper bag 纸袋;

14gunny bag 麻袋;

15plastic bag 塑料袋;

16kraft paper 牛皮纸;

17flexible container 集装包;

18metal strap 铁箍;

19collective packing 组合包装;

20outer packing 外包装;

Conversations 实用对话

Mr. Paula: What kind of packing do you plan to use for this consignment ofgoods?

Mr. Wang: Cartons. Is that okay?

Mr. Paula: I'm concerned about the possibility of jolting, squeezing and collisionthat may take place when these cases are moved about.

Mr. Wang: Well, what I can tell you is this. We've got an excellent record onmaking deliveries to our customers. Besides, all our cartons arelined with shockproof cardboards and are wrapped up withpolyethylene sheets. So they're not only shockproof but also dampproof.

波拉先生:您打算怎样包装这些托运货物呢?

王先生:用纸箱,可以吗?

波拉先生:对于箱子在搬来搬去的过程中可能发生的碰撞、挤压和撞击的问题我还是很关心的。

王先生:我可以告诉您,我们在向顾客发货方面有着良好的记录。而且,我们所有的纸箱都有防震纸板作内衬,整箱外面再用塑料布包起来。所以,它们不仅防震,而且防潮。

Mr. Larkins: What if my cargo is less than a container load?

Mr. Yu: Then the cargo will be held according to ports of discharge and natureof cargo at the container freight station until there will be a full containerload for shipment.

Mr. Larkins: Then it will take time, isn't it?And I amworried about. . .

Mr. Yu: Don't worry. It wouldn't take much time. We will pay more attention tothat, and be sure you can get the goods on time.

Mr. Larkins: Are the containers temperature-controlled?

Mr. Yu: Yes. They are also watertight and airtight to protect goods from beingdamaged by heat, water or dampness. The containers can be openedat both ends, so that loading and unloading can be made at the sametime. Containerization is faster, safer and more convenient. It can alsosave a lot of wrapping and the cost of freight.

拉金斯先生:如果我的货物不满一整箱怎么办?

于先生:集装箱码头将会根据货物的卸货港和货物的类别进行拼箱。

拉金斯先生:这需要时间吧,我担心……

于先生:别担心。不需要太多时间的。我们一定会确保你方准时拿到货物。

拉金斯先生:集装箱是恒温的吗?

于先生:是的,同时集装箱还防水、密封,货物不会受热、受潮。集装箱两端都能打开,所以能同时装货、卸货。集装箱运输更快、更安全、更便利,还可以省下一笔包装费和运输费。

关于包装事宜

1. I'd like to know something about the packing in yourfactory. 我想了解一下你们工厂的包装情况。

2. Do you need to put your own brand name on the packing?你们需要将你们自己的商标贴到包装上吗?

3. The packaging should be modern and distinctive.其包装应该是现代的、独特的。

4. I think we need to reconsider the design of our packing.我想我们要重新考虑我们的包装设计。

5. The design of the packaging has our own style.这种装潢设计有我们自己独特的风格。

6. What about the packing for transport?用于运输的包装是怎样的呢?

7. In what packing will you supply the cargoes?你们使用什么样的包装来供应货物?

8. You should make sure the cartons should be strong enoughtostand rough handling.你要确保箱子结实,足以承受粗鲁装卸。

9. We will use metal straps to reinforce the outside.我们会在纸箱外用金属带加固。

10. Please make sure you mark the shipment with“HANDLEWITH CARE”. 请不要忘记在货物上标明“小心轻放”。

关于装运事宜

1. Would you tell me how you ship the goods?

能否告诉我你们如何装运这批货物?

2. We can make prompt shipment only if we are able to securethe necessary space. 只有搞到必要的舱位,我们才能按时装运。

在对外贸易中,按时装运进出口贸易货物,及时将货物从厂方运至目的地,对完成进出口交易、满足市场需要、减少货物积压和提高商品的竞争能力都起着积极重要的作用。特别是对某些鲜活商品或季节性商品的运输,更要抢时间、争速度,及时完成运输任务,以免造成经济上的损失和信誉上的不良影响。如是装卸不及时,运输拖延,到货慢,就会影响产品的销路,甚至失去市场。交货是指卖方按照同买方约定的时间、地点和运输方式将合同规定的货物交付给买方或其代理人。

I want to find out how you would I like your order of speakers,by air or by sea? (我想请教你要如何运送你下单的扬声器,空运还是海运?),一般的询问方式为How do you usually move your machines?

(你们出口机器习惯使用哪种运输方式?)。若客户自己想采取某种运货方式就可以说:For such a big order, we propose to havethe goods dispatched by sea / land / air mail. (数量如此多的货物,我们建议走海运/ 陆/ 空邮)。如果货物在运输途中交换交通工具,这便是“联运”。如果双方决定用联运就可以说,It's simpler andcheaper for both of us to arrange multimodal combined transport.(安排联运对我们双方都既简单又经济)。

3. As soon as shipping space is booked, we shall advise you ofthe name of the ship. 舱位一订好,我们就会告知船名。

4. If we ship by air, in five working days you can have the order.如果空运的话,在5 个工作日内你就能拿到货。

5. We are always willing to choose the big ports as the loadingports. 我们总是希望用较大的港口作为装运港。

Vocabulary 必用词汇

1. compromisen. 妥协

I think we should come to a com promise on this point.

我想我们应该就这一点达成妥协。

同义短语:come to terms

2. rejectvt. 拒绝

Since this is not our fault, we mustreject your claim for compensation.

既然这不是我们的错,我们不得不拒绝你们的索赔要求。

反义词:accept

3. suit 满足

I am afraid that your goods might notsuit our market because of their poorquality.

恐怕,你们的产品由于其低劣的质量可能不能满足我方市场的要求。

同义词:satisfy

4. replace 代替

Our customers insist that you should sendperfect goods to replace the defectivegoods.

我方客户坚持你方应该运送最好的货物来取代劣质品。

同义词:substitute

5. conformity符合

The Certificate shows that the shipment is in conformity with export standards.

证明书证明货物符合出口标准。

同义词:糟燥则则藻泽责燥藻藻

6. correspondent客户

We have agents and correspondents all parts of the country.

我们在各地都有代理和客户。

同义词:customer

7. surveyv. 检查,调查

All products must be surveyed beforethey are dispatched fromfactory.

产品出厂前都要经过检查。

同义词:inspect

8. submit提交

You submit the necessary papers to theCustoms when you are informed of thatyour freight has arrived.

一旦通知说你的货物到达了,你应该立即报关。同义词:offer

9. lossn. 损失

I have to point out that any late delivery may cause us great losses.

我不得不指出交货时间的推迟会给我方带来很大的损失。

同义词:deprivation

10. liable 负法律责任

As shown in the survey report, we are not liable for the breakage of the goods.

根据调查报告,我方对货物的破损没有责任。

同义词:responsible

1to settle a claim解决索赔(问题);

2to withdraw a claim撤销(某项)索赔;

3to waive a claim放弃索赔(要求);

4in settlement of 解决;

5claims expenses 理赔费用;

6claims rejected 拒赔;

7insurance claim 保险索赔;

8claimsettlement 理赔;

9compulsory arbitration强制性仲裁;

10voluntary arbitration 自愿仲裁;

11reach a settlement达成一致的意见;

12arbitral award 仲裁决议书;

13reciprocal agreement 互惠协议;

14statutory requirement法律规定;

15Use No Hooks 请勿倒挂;

16Inflammable Gas 易燃气体;

17Inflammable Solid 易燃固体;

18Dangerous When Wet遇水燃烧品;

19Organic Peroxide 有机氧化物;

20Oxidizing Agent 氧化剂;

Conversations 实用对话

Mr. An: Mr. Brown, I'm very sorry for the unpleasant happenings and you hadto come from America to pay us a personal visit in China to clarify theins and outs of this case.

Mr. Brown: I never thought that the rails produced by our company were of inferiorquality and I'm afraid that, Mr. An, your testing results mightnot be that reliable.

Mr. An: We tested your products by using the method stipulated in the contract.

If you persist in your reasoning, I'm afraid we'll have no otherchoice but to terminate our contract and submit the case for arbitration.

Mr. Brown: Perhaps an arbitrator will be objective, Mr. An.

安先生:布朗先生,对所发生的不愉快事情我深感遗憾。麻烦您从美国亲自赶到中国来澄清此案的来龙去脉。

布朗先生:我认为我公司生产的铁轨不是劣等货,安先生,恐怕你方的检验结果是不可靠的。

安先生:我们是用合同上规定的方法检测你们的产品的。如果你坚持你的看法,恐怕我们没有别的选择,只好终止合同,并且将此案交付仲裁。

布朗先生:也许仲裁更客观一些,安先生。

Millan: Let's come to the question of arbitration.

Mr. Yang: OK. We hope all disputes can be settled amicably by negotiation.

Millan: We hope so, too. But what if negotiation fails?

Mr. Yang: The case may be submitted for arbitration.

Millan: Do you permit arbitration in a third country?

Mr. Yang: Yes. But our usual practice is that arbitration, if any, will be conductedin China.

Millan: Maybe arbitration in a third country is a fairer and more equitable solutionto the problem.

Mr. Yang: If you insist, our contract clauses permit arbitration in a third country.

米兰:我们谈谈仲裁的问题吧。

杨先生:好的,我们希望所有的争端都能通过谈判友好地解决。

米兰: 我们也希望如此。可是如果谈判失败怎么办?

杨先生:那么争执可以提交仲裁。

米兰:你们允许在第三国进行仲裁吗?

杨先生:是的,但我们通常的做法是,如果需要仲裁的话,将在中国进行。

米兰:也许在第三国进行仲裁对于解决问题来说更公正、更公平。

杨先生:如果你们坚持,我们的合同条款可以允许在第三国进行仲裁。

诉诸仲裁

1. Arbitration is only the last resort. 仲裁只是万不得已的事。

2. We have no choice but to submit the case to arbitration.我们别无选择,只有诉诸仲裁。

3. We must hold you responsible for all consequences arisingfromthere. 由此引发的一切后果必须由贵方负责。

4. Who will bear the expenses on arbitration?由谁承担仲裁费用?

相关证据

1. We are in possession of convincing evidence.我们有重要的证据。

2. We have substantial evidence. 我们有令人信服的证据。

3. Here is the copy of the inspection certificate from Canada.这是从加拿大发来的检验证明复印件。

4. The certificate was sent this morning from the port by expressdelivery. 今天上午商检证书从港口快递寄出。

5. We will send you the survey report.我们将会把调查报告寄给您。

6. The certificate shows very clearly that the goods are notpacked properly. 检验证明清楚表明货物包装不当。

7. Our investigation shows that damage was caused by improperpacking. 检验证明货物受损是由于包装不当引起的。

8. The experts' view is that the spots are due to carelesspainting. 专家认为污点是喷漆过程中的疏忽造成的。

在国际贸易中,可采用很多办法来解决争议。最满意的方法是买卖双方通过调解(conciliation)来解决。通过调解,双方可以友好地(in an amicable way)解决争议,还可以保持争议双方之间良好的氛围,最低程度地减少对将来生意往来的影响。然而,调解只是促成双方协商解决,不对争议作任何评论或裁决。调解往往不能解决争议,这时就必须借助于仲裁了。由于仲裁能保持良好的气氛,又比诉讼灵活,花费较少,处置迅速,并且它的裁决是最终的(final),对双方都有约束力(binding),因此它已成为国际贸易中最常使用的解决争议的方法。所以,仲裁比诉讼好,调解又比仲裁好,而预防争议的产生是最好的,这一点已成共识。

仲裁是指发生争议的双方将争议提交与双方当事人无关的第三者进行裁决的办法。第三者的裁决是最终的,有约束力的。任何一方都不得向法院或任何机构提出起诉(bring an appeal)。裁决一旦决定即具法律效用,无需提交法院登记或保存。如果希望通过仲裁来解决争议,一般由合同当事人于争议发生前,在合同中订立仲裁条款,或在争议发生后经双方同意后提交仲裁。

General Knowledge 背景知识

仲裁结果

1. We have already made a careful investigation of the case.我们已经对这个案件做了详细的调查。

2. I'm afraid we only can give our opinion after we have thesamples rechecked here.恐怕只有我们重新检验样品之后才能提出我们的看法。

3. It's quite obvious that the seller should be held responsiblefor the claim. 非常明显应由卖方负责赔偿。

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