The Olympic Movement consists of international sports federations （IFs）， National Olympic Committees （NOCs）， and organizing committees for each specific Olympic Games。 As the decision－making body， the IOC is responsible for choosing the host city for each Olympic Games。 The host city is responsible for organizing and funding a celebration of the Games consistent with the Olympic Charter。 The Olympic program， consisting of the sports to be contested at the Games， is also determined by the IOC。 The celebration of the Games encompasses many rituals and symbols， such as the Olympic flag and torch， as well as the opening and closing ceremonies。 There are over 13，000 athletes that compete at the summer and summer Olympics in 33 different sports and nearly 400 events。 The first， second， and third place finishers in each event receive gold， silver， and bronze medals， respectively。
The Games have grown in scale to the point that nearly every nation is represented。 Such growth has created numerous challenges， including boycotts， doping， bribery of officials， and terrorism。 Every two years， the Olympics and its media exposure provide unknown athletes with the chance to attain national， and in particular cases， international fame。 The Games also constitute a major opportunity for the host city and country to showcase themselves to the world。
2奥林匹克运动会通用的体育表达方式
manage经纪人
instructor教练，技术指导
guide领队
trainer助理教练
referee， umpire（网球。棒球）裁判
linesman， touch judge（橄榄球）裁判
contestant， competitor， player运动员
professional职业运动员
amateur业余运动员，爱好者
enthusiast， fan迷，爱好者
favourite可望取胜者 （美作：favorite）
outsider无取胜希望者
championship冠军赛，锦标赛
champion冠军
record纪录
record holder纪录创造者
ace网球赛中的一分
Winter Olympics冬季奥林匹克运动会
stadium运动场
奥林匹克运动会（简称奥运会）是国际奥林匹克委员会主办的包含多种体育运动项目的国际性运动会，每四年举行一次。奥林匹克运动会最早起源于古希腊，因举办地在奥林匹亚而得名。奥林匹克运动会现在已经成为了和平与友谊的象征。
Key words ＆ Sentences
关键词句全知道
At the beginning of sports globalization， sports were mainly spread from developed to developing countries。
体育运动全球化的初期，体育运动主要由发达国家向发展中国家传播。
The new structure of international sports cooperation is the embodiment of modem competitive sports globalization。
国际体育合作新格局是现代竞技体育全球化的体现。
The modern Olympics is the micro－reflection of modern competitive sports globalization。
现代奥运会是现代竞技体育全球化的缩影。
The globalization of sports for all is accelerating under the effect of Olympic sports。
受奥林匹克运动的影响，大众体育全球化趋势正在加速进行。
Sports globalization and sports industry globalization promote each other。
体育运动全球化与体育产业全球化相互促进。
The reason for sports globalization is： scientific and technological development， political conflicts and the rapid development in mass media。
体育运动全球化的主要原因是：科技发展、政治对立以及传播媒介的飞速发展。
The meaning and the values of the Olympic Spirit are conveyed by symbols： among these are the rings， the motto and the flame。
奥林匹克主义的意义与价值可以从一些标志反映出来，其中包括五环、口号和圣火。
These symbols transmit a message in a simple and direct manner and they give the Olympic Movement and the Games an unique identity。
这些标志用最简单直接的方式传达出一个信息，它们成为了奥林匹克运动和奥运会的标识。
The five rings represent the five continents。
五环代表五大洲。
They are interlaced to show the universality of the Olympic Spirit and the meeting of the globe’s athletes of the whole world during the Olympic Games。
它们互相交错表示奥林匹克主义的普适性，也表示奥运会期间全世界的运动员欢聚一堂。
On the Olympic flag， the rings appear on a white background。
在奥林匹克会旗上，五环出现在白色的背景之上。
At the Olympic Games， the flag is brought into the stadium during the opening ceremony。
在奥运会上，奥林匹克会旗在开幕式时带进体育场。
The Olympic motto is made up of three Latin words：Which means： FASTER — HIGHER — STRONGER奥林匹克口号由三个拉丁单词组成，意思是“更快、更高、更强”。
The sense of the motto is that being first is not necessarily a priority， but that giving one’s best and striving for personal excellence is a worthwhile goal。
口号的含义是成为第一并不是必须的，尽自己最大努力去为个人的卓越而奋斗才是有价值的目标。
The Olympic flame is one of the best－known features of the Games。
奥林匹克圣火也是奥运会最著名的特色之一。
From the moment the flame is lit to the moment it goes out， a very precise ritual is laid down： The lighting–The relay route–Arrival at the stadium。
从圣火点燃的时刻到它熄灭的时刻，会进行一个非常精确的仪式：圣火点燃—火炬接力—到达主体育场。
In memory of the origins of the Olympic Games， the flame is lit in Olympia Greece， some months before the opening of the Games。
为了纪念奥运会的起源，圣火要在运动会开始几个月前在希腊的奥林匹亚点燃。
The Olympic flame can only be lit by the sun’s rays。
圣火只能用太阳光点燃。
The first games were held in Olympia to celebrate zeus’victory against his father。
第一次奥运会在奥林匹亚举行是为了纪念宙斯在比武中战胜了他的父亲。
No war was allowed until the games were over。
奥运会结束之前，战争是不允许发生的。
The ancient Olympic Games were a symbol of peace and friendship at the beginning。
古奥运一开始就是一个和平和友谊的象征。
The dove and the olive branch become the symbols of peace。
鸽子和橄榄枝成为和平的象征。
The summer Olympics consists of 28 sports with 38 disciplines。 The International Olympic Committee （IOC） establishes a hierarchy of sports， disciplines， and events。
夏季奥林匹克运动会包括28个大项，38个小项。国际奥组委（IOC）设置了这些运动的等级、科目以及项目。
For example swimming and water polo are disciplines of the sport Aquatics。 In their turn， disciplines can be subdivided into events， for which medals are actually awarded。
比如游泳和水球都是水上运动的分项。而它们分别又可以再分为各个小项，奖牌其实是授予小项运动的赢家的。
Let’s Talk！
开始交流吧！
Jacob： Leo， I look for you a long time。
雅各布：Leo，我找你找了好久！
Leo： What’s the matter？
里昂：有什么事儿吗？
Jacob： I have something to consult you “Olympic expert”。
雅各布：我有些问题想向你这个“奥运通”请教一下。
Leo： You are flattering me。 Seriously now， what do you want to know？
里昂：别恭维我了。说正经的，你想知道什么呢？
Jacob： Could you introduce me to the history of the Olympics？
雅各布：你给我介绍一下奥运会的历史怎么样？
Leo： Sure。 In 1888， a Frenchman Mr。 Baronde－里昂：当然可以。1888年，法国人伯恩德先生——Jacob： No， no。 I want to know something about the ancient Olympics。
雅各布：不是，不是。我想知道一些关于古奥运会的知识。
Leo： I’m sorry I didn’t hear clearly just now。
里昂：对不起，我刚才没听清。
Jacob： Well， I’ll say it again。 Something about the ancient Olympics。
雅各布：好吧，我再说一次。关于古奥运会的。
Leo： The ancient Olympics was originated in ancient Greece。
里昂：古代奥运会起源于古希腊。
Jacob： Why do people name it like this？
雅各布：为什么叫奥运会？
Leo： It got its name from the place of the host Olympic。
里昂：因为举办地点在奥林匹亚而得名。
Jacob： Who was the founder？
雅各布：谁是创始人？
Leo： It is said that Hercules， son of Zeus， originated the ancient Olympic Games。
里昂：传说古代奥运会的创办者是宙斯的儿子，大力神大力英雄。
