'SIR,--Mr.Boswell,a gentleman who has been long known to me,is desirous of being known to you,and has asked this recommendation,which I give him with great willingness,because I think it very much to be wished that worthy and religious men should be acquainted with each other.I am,Sir,your most humble servant,'May 3,1779.'
'SAM.JOHNSON.'
Mr.Wesley being in the course of his ministry at Edinburgh,Ipresented this letter to him,and was very politely received.Ibegged to have it returned to me,which was accordingly done.His state of the evidence as to the ghost did not satisfy me.
My readers will not be displeased at being told every slight circumstance of the manner in which Dr.Johnson contrived to amuse his solitary hours.He sometimes employed himself in chymistry,sometimes in watering and pruning a vine,sometimes in small experiments,at which those who may smile,should recollect that there are moments which admit of being soothed only by trifles.In one of his manu Diaries,there is the following entry,which marks his curious minute attention:'July 26,1768.I shaved my nail by accident in whetting the knife,about an eighth of an inch from the bottom,and about a fourth from the top.This Imeasure that I may know the growth of nails;the whole is about five eighths of an inch.'
Another of the same kind appears,'Aug.7,1779,Partem brachii dextri carpo proximum et cutem pectoris circa mamillam dextram rasi,ut notum fieret quanto temporis pili renovarentur.'
And,'Aug.15,1773.I cut from the vine 41leaves,which weighed five oz.and a half,and eight scruples:--I lay them upon my bookcase,to see what weight they will lose by drying.'--BOSWELL.
My friend Colonel James Stuart,second son of the Earl of Bute,who had distinguished himself as a good officer of the Bedfordshire militia,had taken a publick-spirited resolution to serve his country in its difficulties,by raising a regular regiment,and taking the command of it himself.This,in the heir of the immense property of Wortley,was highly honourable.Having been in Scotland recruiting,he obligingly asked me to accompany him to Leeds,then the head-quarters of his corps;from thence to London for a short time,and afterwards to other places to which the regiment might be ordered.Such an offer,at a time of the year when I had full leisure,was very pleasing;especially as I was to accompany a man of sterling good sense,information,discernment,and conviviality;and was to have a second crop in one year of London and Johnson.Of this I informed my illustrious friend,in characteristical warm terms,in a letter dated the 30th of September,from Leeds.
On Monday,October 4,I called at his house before he was up.He sent for me to his bedside,and expressed his satisfaction at this incidental meeting,with as much vivacity as if he had been in the gaiety of youth.He called briskly,'Frank,go and get coffee,and let us breakfast IN SPLENDOUR.'
On Sunday,October 10,we dined together at Mr.Strahan's.The conversation having turned on the prevailing practice of going to the East-Indies in quest of wealth;--JOHNSON.'A man had better have ten thousand pounds at the end of ten years passed in England,than twenty thousand pounds at the end of ten years passed in India,because you must compute what you GIVE for money;and a man who has lived ten years in India,has given up ten years of social comfort and all those advantages which arise from living in England.The ingenious Mr.Brown,distinguished by the name of Capability Brown,told me,that he was once at the seat of Lord Clive,who had returned from India with great wealth;and that he shewed him at the door of his bed-chamber a large chest,which he said he had once had full of gold;upon which Brown observed,"I am glad you can bear it so near your bed-chamber."'
We talked of the state of the poor in London.--JOHNSON.'Saunders Welch,the Justice,who was once High-Constable of Holborn,and had the best opportunities of knowing the state of the poor,told me,that I under-rated the number,when I computed that twenty a week,that is,above a thousand a year,died of hunger;not absolutely of immediate hunger;but of the wasting and other diseases which are the consequences of hunger.This happens only in so large a place as London,where people are not known.What we are told about the great sums got by begging is not true:the trade is overstocked.
And,you may depend upon it,there are many who cannot get work.Aparticular kind of manufacture fails:those who have been used to work at it,can,for some time,work at nothing else.You meet a man begging;you charge him with idleness:he says,"I am willing to labour.Will you give me work?"--"I cannot."--"Why,then you have no right to charge me with idleness."'We left Mr.Strahan's at seven,as Johnson had said he intended to go to evening prayers.
As we walked along,he complained of a little gout in his toe,and said,'I shan't go to prayers to-night;I shall go to-morrow:
Whenever I miss church on a Sunday,I resolve to go another day.
But I do not always do it.'This was a fair exhibition of that vibration between pious resolutions and indolence,which many of us have too often experienced.
I went home with him,and we had a long quiet conversation.
BOSWELL.'Why,Sir,do people play this trick which I observe now,when I look at your grate,putting the shovel against it to make the fire burn?'JOHNSON.'They play the trick,but it does not make the fire burn.THERE is a better;(setting the poker perpendicularly up at right angles with the grate.)In days of superstition they thought,as it made a cross with the bars,it would drive away the witch.'
